{"id":643,"date":"2010-06-04T19:29:36","date_gmt":"2010-06-04T23:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/example.org\/applying-dead-loads-to-fatigue"},"modified":"2010-06-04T19:29:36","modified_gmt":"2010-06-04T23:29:36","slug":"applying-dead-loads-to-fatigue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/2010\/06\/applying-dead-loads-to-fatigue.html","title":{"rendered":"Applying dead loads to fatigue"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I was recently asked how to apply a dead load in a fatigue study (a none varying load that is applied to a structure all of the time, as opposed to a live or dynamic load that generates an alternating stress).<\/p>\n<p>The diagram below shows the definition of alternating stress (or stress amplitude) and mean stress, both of which are important in influencing the lifetime of a material.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog-assets.solidworks.com\/uploads\/sites\/2\/6a00d83451706569e20133f0238fff970b.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"image\" border=\"0\" class=\"at-xid-6a00d83451706569e2015437319e50970c\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/blog-assets.solidworks.com\/uploads\/sites\/2\/6a00d83451706569e2015437319e50970c.png\" style=\"border-right-width: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: auto\" title=\"image\" width=\"244\" \/><\/a> The normal inputs to a fatigue study are the stress amplitudes, but as you can see in the next picture, mean stresses also have an impact on the lifetime of a material. The higher the mean stress, the lower the predicted lifetime.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog-assets.solidworks.com\/uploads\/sites\/2\/6a00d83451706569e20133f023900a970b.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"image\" border=\"0\" class=\"at-xid-6a00d83451706569e2015437319e66970c\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/blog-assets.solidworks.com\/uploads\/sites\/2\/6a00d83451706569e2015437319e66970c.png\" style=\"border-right-width: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: auto\" title=\"image\" width=\"352\" \/><\/a>Dead loads are not alternating but do contribute to the mean stress, so it is important that we can consider them in a fatigue study. But how do we do this?<\/p>\n<p><b><u>Alternating load only case<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<p>In a normal fatigue study, the method takes the max stress, S<sub>max<\/sub> from a static study loadcase and we use the loading ratio (R = S<sub>min<\/sub>\/S<sub>max<\/sub>) to define S<sub>min<\/sub> directly. <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog-assets.solidworks.com\/uploads\/sites\/2\/6a00d83451706569e20134834ceba5970c.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"image\" border=\"0\" class=\"at-xid-6a00d83451706569e2015437319e69970c\" height=\"110\" src=\"https:\/\/blog-assets.solidworks.com\/uploads\/sites\/2\/6a00d83451706569e2015437319e69970c.png\" style=\"border-right-width: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: auto\" title=\"image\" width=\"244\" \/><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>For example,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Picking \u2018<em>zero based\u2019<\/em> means we define S<sub>max<\/sub> but S<sub>min<\/sub> = 0. <\/li>\n<li>Picking \u2018<em>fully reversed\u2019<\/em> means we define S<sub>max<\/sub> and S<sub>min<\/sub> = &#8211; S<sub>max<\/sub>. <\/li>\n<li>Picking \u2018<em>loading ratio\u2019<\/em> means we can define any arbitrary S<sub>min<\/sub> from the S<sub>max<\/sub> value. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The fatigue setup simply allows us to pick the relevant static study and along with the loading ratio this provides our alternating stress values. These are then compared to the S-N curve to get the lifetime or damage plots.<\/p>\n<p><b><u>Dead load case<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Dead loads however are constant and therefore by definition not alternating. This means they only apply a non-zero mean stress, which <em>must<\/em> be considered for the reasons argued above, but cannot be applied in SolidWorks Simulation in the normal way.<\/p>\n<p>The method we use therefore is the \u2018<i>Find cycle peaks\u2019<\/i> method. This method takes the peaks of multiple loads to find the damage so we must build our static studies with the \u2018peaks\u2019 in mind.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore if we had one alternating stress and one dead load, we would need two studies:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Static study 1 including S<sub>max<\/sub> and the dead load. <\/li>\n<li>Static study 2 including S<sub>min<\/sub> and the dead load. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can see here that we are not using one study for S<sub>max<\/sub> and implying S<sub>min<\/sub> from the loading ratio, rather we are doing two separate studies with S<sub>max<\/sub> in one and S<sub>min<\/sub> in the other. However both include the dead load.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"image\" border=\"0\" class=\"at-xid-6a00d83451706569e2015437319e6b970c\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/blog-assets.solidworks.com\/uploads\/sites\/2\/6a00d83451706569e2015437319e6b970c.png\" style=\"border-right-width: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: auto\" title=\"image\" width=\"244\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Finally, in the fatigue study you reference both of these studies using the \u2018<i>Find cycle peaks\u2019<\/i> method. This then takes both S<sub>max<\/sub> + dead load and S<sub>min<\/sub> + dead load extremes and combines them to find the worst case for fatigue.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wlWriterEditableSmartContent\" id=\"scid:0767317B-992E-4b12-91E0-4F059A8CECA8:aaab3d69-c665-49d0-b8d5-dd229629481d\" style=\"padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; float: none; padding-top: 0px\">Technorati Tags: <a href=\"https:\/\/technorati.com\/tags\/SolidWorks+Simulation\" rel=\"tag\">SolidWorks Simulation<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/technorati.com\/tags\/Fatigue\" rel=\"tag\">Fatigue<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/technorati.com\/tags\/Dead+Loads\" rel=\"tag\">Dead Loads<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I was recently asked how to apply a dead load in a fatigue study (a none varying load that is applied to a structure all of the time, as opposed to a live or dynamic load that generates an alternating<\/p>\n... <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/2010\/06\/applying-dead-loads-to-fatigue.html\">Continued<\/a>","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":2902,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-643","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-solidworks-simulation"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/643","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/59"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=643"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/643\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2902"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=643"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=643"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.solidworks.com\/solidworksblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=643"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}